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Private DentMetrik Oral and Dental Health Clinic
Prof. Dr. Beynun Akyavas Avenue No:33/AA, 34680 Uskudar/Istanbul, Turkiye.

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Oral, dental, and maxillofacial trauma repair surgeries involve the surgical repair of all types of fractures, cracks, tissue loss, and injuries occurring in the bones and soft tissues of the facial region as a result of traffic accidents, falls from heights, occupational accidents, physical violence, or severe sports injuries. Maxillofacial (jaw-face) traumas do not only impair the patient's aesthetic appearance; they also directly threaten the most fundamental vital functions such as breathing, chewing, swallowing, and speaking. At Dentmetrik, we intervene in these complicated facial traumas using our advanced 3D imaging technologies and experienced medical staff specialized in trauma surgery, perfectly reconstructing both the functional health and aesthetic facial integrity of our patients.

Definition and Purpose of Oral, Dental, and Maxillofacial Trauma Repair Surgery

Maxillofacial trauma surgery is the process of repairing the anatomical integrity of the bones forming the facial skeleton (lower jaw, upper jaw, cheekbone, nasal base) and the surrounding soft tissues (lips, cheeks, tongue, salivary glands) that have been compromised by severe impacts, using 'osteosynthesis' (bone unification) and micro-surgical techniques. Because the facial region is anatomically very close to the skull base protecting the brain, the airways, and the organs of sight and hearing, the treatment of traumas in this area requires an extremely sensitive and multidisciplinary approach.

The primary medical purpose of these vital surgical interventions is to return broken bone fragments to their original anatomical positions (their locations before the accident) and ensure their fusion by stabilizing them with biocompatible titanium plates and screws. One of the most important goals in trauma surgery is to return the patient’s 'occlusion'—the biting relationship between the upper and lower teeth—to its perfect pre-accident state. Failure of the teeth to close correctly leads to permanent damage to the jaw joint (TMJ) and a total loss of chewing ability. Furthermore, opening airway obstructions that may develop due to trauma, preventing severe infections resulting from open wounds, and eliminating permanent facial asymmetries (deformities) to protect the patient from psychological trauma are among the indispensable goals of this surgery.

Types and Applications of Trauma Repair Surgery

Traumas in the jaw and facial region present with very different clinical profiles depending on the severity and direction of the impact and the patient's anatomical structure. The primary types of trauma diagnosed and surgically repaired at Dentmetrik clinics include:

  1. Lower Jaw (Mandibular) Fractures: The lower jaw is the most frequently broken bone in the facial region. Impacts received during accidents usually lead to fractures at the chin tip, the angles (angulus), or the joint regions (condyle). The fractured ends must be fixed to each other with titanium plates.
  2. Upper Jaw (Maxilla / Le Fort) Fractures: These are complex and severe fractures where the upper jaw is completely separated from the skull base as a result of severe impacts to the middle of the face, which can also involve the nose and cheekbones.
  3. Alveolar Bone and Dental Traumas (Avulsion): Situations where the integrity of the jawbone is not compromised, but only the sockets holding the teeth (alveolar bone) are broken, or the teeth are knocked out along with their roots (avulsion). If the displaced teeth are preserved under appropriate conditions (in milk or saliva) and brought to the clinic urgently, they can be saved by being placed back into position (reimplantation).
  4. Cheekbone (Zygoma) Fractures: The collapse of the cheekbone, which provides the aesthetic protrusion of the face, due to lateral impacts. Since it leads to vision problems and facial asymmetry, the bone must be surgically pushed outward and fixed.
  5. Soft Tissue Cuts and Lacerations: The repair of deep tears occurring in the lips, cheeks, tongue, and gums using aesthetic (non-scarring) suturing techniques without causing loss of function.

The Procedure and Process

In trauma cases, time is of the essence, and the process begins urgently upon the patient’s arrival at our clinic or contracted hospitals. Our maxillofacial surgeons first ensure that the patient's airway is open, that there is no life-threatening danger, and that no neurological damage is present. Subsequently, 3D Dental Tomography (CBCT) or Computed Tomography (CT) is taken to examine the direction of the fracture lines in the facial bones, the amount of fragmentation, and the condition of the tooth roots in three dimensions. In light of this digital data, surgical planning is made to ensure the least scarring and the most stable fixation.

The operation stage is performed under local or general anesthesia, depending on the severity of the fracture. The greatest advantage applied in oral and maxillofacial surgery is that 90% of fracture repairs are performed through incisions made from inside the mouth. This ensures that no visible surgical scars form on the patient's face. The fractured bone ends are located and brought together anatomically (reduction) and screwed to the bone using mini titanium plates and screws (osteosynthesis materials) that are fully compatible with body tissues. If the teeth are affected by the fracture, the jaws are locked together for a period using special wire splints that connect the teeth (intermaxillary fixation).

The healing process varies between 4 to 8 weeks depending on the extent of the fracture. Thanks to the rigid stabilization provided by titanium plates, the bones begin to fuse rapidly. Our patients whose jaws are locked or who have undergone major jaw surgery follow special liquid and puree-based diets prepared by our experts during this recovery period. Prescribed antibiotic treatment neutralizes the risk of infection. Once the bones have fully fused and the wires are removed, our patient returns to their chewing functions and normal life; there is no need to remove the internal titanium plates for a lifetime.

What Are the Advantages of Trauma Repair Surgeries?

The most critical advantage of oral and maxillofacial trauma repair surgery is that it completely prevents permanent and irreversible facial deformations (collapses, shifts) and physical disabilities that could occur after an accident. By stabilizing broken jawbones to their original positions with millimetric precision, the patient's natural pre-accident facial profile, symmetry, and golden ratios are preserved. While untreated jaw fractures condemn a patient to a lifetime of chewing difficulties and severe jaw joint (TMJ) pain by permanently disrupting the bite, surgical repair restores these functions by 100%.

Rapid and correct surgical intervention prevents the development of serious complications such as bone infection (osteomyelitis). Furthermore, it allows your own natural teeth that are located on the fracture line and displaced to be kept in the mouth without being extracted. Trauma repair surgery is a miraculous recovery process that eliminates the aesthetic concerns and social isolation a patient might experience following an accident, enabling the patient to rapidly regain their physical health and psychological self-confidence.

To receive detailed information about facial and jaw fractures, sports injuries, emergency surgical repair processes, and the full-service treatment we provide as Dentmetrik in Ankara within the scope of health tourism, contact us immediately.

Frequently Asked Questions

The basic approach in maxillofacial trauma surgery is to preserve aesthetics. More than 90% of interventions for jaw and facial fractures are performed from inside the mouth (over the mucosa). Therefore, no surgical scar or wound mark will remain on your face that can be seen from the outside.

Healing is quite fast thanks to fixing the broken pieces with titanium mini plates and screws (rigid fixation). Jawbones generally fuse largely within 4 to 6 weeks and reach a stability that can fulfill its function.

Yes, it can be saved. If you urgently bring the completely dislodged tooth to our clinic within 1-2 hours in a clean container filled with milk or saliva without touching its root, the tooth can be successfully saved by placing it back into its socket (reimplantation) and fixing it to wires.

In past years, completely tying the jaws with wire was frequently used. However, thanks to the modern titanium plate systems we apply today, since the broken ends are tightly screwed from the inside, we generally do not tie our patients' jaws together; the patient can speak after the surgery and can be fed with a puree/liquid diet.

No, titanium plates and screws used in jaw surgery are 100% biocompatible with the body. As long as they do not cause any allergy, infection, or discomfort, they can remain safely in your jawbone for a lifetime; they do not need to be removed.

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